ABSTRACT
This article reports orthodontic treatment of a case of hypodontia of five premolars in an 11-year-old female patient with a positive tooth size-arch length discrepancy in both dental arches. The patient had a straight profile with balanced facial growth. Setup manufacture revealed the possibility of achieving ideal occlusion by mesializing permanent molars up to 15 mm, in addition to keeping a primary molar in the dental arch. With the aid of absolute anchorage, the proposed mechanics was performed and the occlusion predicted in the setup was achieved, while profile and facial growth pattern were maintained. The use of miniscrews for extensive orthodontic movements was successful. Furthermore, one primary molar was extensively mesialized. The indication of gingivoplasty to correct gingival smile proved effective. This is considered a useful technique for orthodontists.
Este artigo apresenta o tratamento ortodôntico de um caso com hipodontia de cinco pré-molares, em uma paciente, de 11 anos de idade, com discrepância positiva de modelo em ambas as arcadas. A paciente apresentava perfil reto, com crescimento facial equilibrado. Por meio da confecção de set-up, verificou-se a possibilidade de se estabelecer uma oclusão ideal por meio da mesialização, de até 15mm, dos molares permanentes e manutenção de um molar decíduo no arco. Com o auxílio de ancoragem absoluta, foi realizada a mecânica proposta, alcançando-se a oclusão prevista em set-up, além da manutenção do perfil e do padrão de crescimento facial. A utilização de mini-implantes para grandes movimentos ortodônticos foi favorável, incluindo a extensa mesialização de um molar decíduo. A indicação da gengivoplastia para correção do sorriso gengival se mostrou acertada, sendo essa uma técnica de grande auxílio à Ortodontia.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Hydromorphone/adverse effects , Nausea/veterinary , Quinuclidines/therapeutic use , Vomiting/veterinary , Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects , Antiemetics/administration & dosage , Antiemetics/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Drug Administration Schedule/veterinary , Nausea/chemically induced , Nausea/drug therapy , Quinuclidines/administration & dosage , Vomiting/chemically induced , Vomiting/drug therapyABSTRACT
Seroconversion studies were conducted in dogs vaccinated with rabies vaccine, of different age group, sex and breed, with a single and booster doses of cell culture Rabies vaccine. The results of the present study revealed that (i) Maternal antibodies were detected in 40% to 80% of 60 selected pet dogs. However 20% to 60% of the pet dogs did not have protective levels of antibody (<0.5IU). (ii) A single dose of vaccine resulted in appreciable levels of protective antibody in 100% of pet dogs both in seronegetive and in dogs with low levels of antibody. (iii) When a booster dose was administered at twelve months period, considerable levels of antibody persisted upto twenty-four months. It can be concluded from the present study that a single dose of potent tissue culture vaccine resulted protective levels of antibody in the seronegetive dogs (<0.5IU). In an Rabies endemic country like INDIA, annual booster dose of vaccine would enhance the immune response and help in the persistence of protective levels of antibody in the immunized dogs.
Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Cell Culture Techniques , Dogs , Drug Administration Schedule/veterinary , Female , Male , Rabies Vaccines/immunology , Rabies virus/immunology , Vaccination/veterinaryABSTRACT
Dezesseis cabras nulíparas da raça Saanen foram distribuídas em dois grupos de tratamentos (T1 e T2) para sincronização da ovulação. Inicialmente, ambos os tratamento consistiram na aplicação concomitante do dispositivo de liberação controlada de drogas (CIDR-G®), de 5mg de dinoprost e de 1mg de cipionato de estradiol (CE) (dia 0). No quarto dia aplicaram-se 250UI de eCG e no quinto dia retirou-se o CIDR-G®. As cabras do T1 (n=8) receberam 1mg de CE 24 horas depois da retirada do CIDR-G® e as do T2 (n=8) receberam 250UI de hCG 30 horas após. Sete cabras do T1 e oito do T2 entraram em estro depois da retirada do CIDR-G®. Cabras que receberam hCG permaneceram em estro por 42,0± 6,9 horas e as que receberam CE por 45,0± 5,5 horas (P>0,05). As características ovulatórias não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. O intervalo da retirada do CIDR-G® à ovulação para ambos os protocolos de sincronização da ovulação não diferiu (P>0,05) entre tratamentos. As ovulações promovidas pelo CE ocorreram em menor intervalo de tempo.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Drug Administration Schedule/veterinary , Estradiol/analogs & derivatives , Goats , Chorionic Gonadotropin/therapeutic use , Estrus Synchronization , Estrus Synchronization/methodsABSTRACT
The present study was planned to investigate the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in experimentally induced febrile buffalo calves (n = 5). The fever was induced by intravenous injection of E.coli lipopolysaccaride (1 microgram/kg). To study the pharmacokinetics, ceftriaxone was administered at the dose rate of 10 mg/kg body wt. in all animals. At 1 min, the peak concentration of ceftriaxone was 79.4 +/- 2.37 microgram/ml and the drug was detected up to 6 h. The elimination rate constant was 0.35 +/- 0.02 /h and elimination half-life was 2.04 +/- 0.14 h. The apparent volume of distribution (Vd(area)) and total body clearance (ClB) were 1.21 +/- 0.15 l/kg and 0.41 +/- 0.03 l/kg/h, respectively. To maintain a minimum therapeutic concentration of 1 microgram/kg, a satisfactory dosage regimen of cefriaxone in febrile buffalo calves is 19 mg/kg followed by 18 mg/kg at 8 h intervals.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Area Under Curve , Buffaloes/metabolism , Ceftriaxone , Drug Administration Schedule/veterinary , Fever/drug therapy , Half-Life , Lipopolysaccharides , Metabolic Clearance RateABSTRACT
To determine the effect of exogenous 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] combined with induced parturition on calcium (Ca) metabolism, cows received a single intramuscular injection of 1,25(OH)2D3 and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) closely before calving. Ten late-pregnant, multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to 1,25(OH)2D3 group (five treated with both 1,25(OH)2D3 and PGF2alpha) and control group (five treated with PGF2alpha). 1,25(OH)2D3 group showed an increase in plasma Ca concentration around parturition, whereas control group revealed a decrease in plasma Ca level. Plasma Ca concentration in 1,25(OH)2D3 group were significantly higher than that in control group during .0.5 to 3 days after parturition.